Blood purification for sepsis-induced immunoparalysis

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26670795
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Emergency medicine
• Research Institution: Tokyo Medical University
• Principal Investigator: ONO SATOSHI 東京医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (30531355)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 敗血症 / 免疫麻痺 / エンドトキシン / 血液浄化療法

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Sepsis is a common and frequently fatal clinical condition in critically ill patients.　 This profound proinflammatory state is rapidly counterbalanced by an anti-inflammatory response, which may adversely affect immune functions. This state of secondary immunoparalysis is first characterized by monocytic deactivation: decreasing antigen presenting capacity, phagocytic function, and proinflammatory cytokine release.　 Polymyxin B has long been known to neutralize the various biological activities of endotoxin. We found a major increase in the percentage of Tregs in peripheral blood circulating CD4+T cells from patients with septic shock. We revealed that Polymyxin B might decrease peripheral blood circulating Treg cells and directly increase the IFN-r production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Removal of Tregs by hemoperfusion with Polymyxin B-immobilized fibers might represent a novel strategy for inducing recovery from the immunosuppression associated with sepsis.

Free Research Field

集中治療医学